Enzymes
Definition
In skincare, enzymes are biological proteins used as gentle exfoliating agents. They work by breaking down the keratin protein in dead skin cells, effectively dissolving them without the need for physical scrubbing or the use of stronger chemical acids. Common enzymatic exfoliants include papain (from papaya), bromelain (from pineapple), and pumpkin enzymes. Enzyme exfoliants are typically milder than AHA or BHA products, making them a good option for sensitive skin types that cannot tolerate acid exfoliation. They are most effective at a slightly acidic pH and work on the skin's surface without penetrating into pores. Enzyme masks and peels are popular for achieving a bright, smooth complexion. However, enzymes are less stable than chemical acids and can lose effectiveness if exposed to heat or extreme pH levels.
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