Inflammation
Definition
Inflammation is the immune system's response to injury, infection, or irritation, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. In the skin, inflammation can be acute (short-term, like a sunburn or allergic reaction) or chronic (ongoing, as in conditions like acne, rosacea, eczema, or psoriasis). While acute inflammation is a necessary healing process, chronic inflammation is harmful — it damages collagen and elastin, accelerates aging (a concept called 'inflammaging'), contributes to hyperpigmentation, and worsens existing skin conditions. Common triggers include UV exposure, harsh skincare ingredients, pollution, stress, diet, and allergens. Anti-inflammatory skincare ingredients include niacinamide, centella asiatica, aloe vera, green tea extract, and azelaic acid. Managing chronic skin inflammation often requires identifying and avoiding triggers, using gentle products, and sometimes prescription anti-inflammatory medications.
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